a) results from a problem in one branch
b) results from a trouble in the main line
5. the sum of IR voltage drops
a) is equal to the value of voltage in the circuit
b) is less than the smallest voltage drop
c) is more than than the value of voltage in the excursion
B
Finish the sentences using the words with the contrary meaning.
M o d e i: Resistors connected in. serial accept the aforementioned value of current �
Resistors connected in series accept the same value of current while resistors connected in parallel have the same value of voltage.
1. Resistors continued in series have different values of voltage while... . ii. A trouble in ane chemical element of a series circuit results in no current in the whole circuit while....
3. In order to have. the aforementioned value of electric current in all the elements, a series circuit is used while.... 4. No current in a parallel circuit results from a trouble in the chief line while....
C
Answer the following questions:
1. What blazon of circuit has the main line and parallel branches? 2. What blazon of circuit is used in order to accept the aforementioned value of current in all the elements? 3. What type of circuit is used in order to have the same value of voltage in all the elements? 4. What does a trouble in the main line result in? five. What does a problem in a branch consequence in? six. What does no electric current in a series excursion effect from? seven. How much is the sum of IR voltage drops equal to? 8. What is the difference between series and parallel circuits?
������ � �������
�
one-b; 2-b; three-a; iv-b; 5-a.
�
1. in parallel.......... the same
2. parallel.............. in that element only
iii. voltage................ parallel
4. series.................. in one element.
�
1. parallel
ii. series
3. parallel
four. no current in the whole circuit
5. no electric current in that branch
6. an open or a brusque
seven. the value of voltage in the excursion
8. the resistors are connected in series; .. .in parallel.
Lesson 3 |
An Open in a Parallel Circuit |
any | lite |
since | seedling |
'operate | advantage |
An open in any circuit results in no current. In parallel circuits there is a divergence betwixt an open up in the main line and an open up in a branch: an open in the chief line of a circuit of this type results in no current in the whole circuit while an open up in a parallel branch results in no current in that branch only.
Let us accept 2 parallel circuits "a" and "b" and compare them. Circuit "a" and circuit "b" are used to light bulbs. The first circuit consists of the main line and three parallel branches. No bulb connected across this circuit tin light since information technology has an open in the principal line.
Circuit "b" consists of the same elements as the circuit a". It has an open � non in the main line but in i of the branches. Since the open branch has no current, a bulb continued across it cannot light. In all the other branches current passes, since each branch is connected to the voltage source. Bulbs connected beyond these branches can lite. This shows the advantage of a parallel excursion, since an open in one element opens only one branch while all the other branches can operate.
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EXERCISES
A
Answer the following questions:
one. Why can circuit "b" operate? 2. What does no current
in circuit "a" consequence from? 3. What is the advantage of a parallel excursion?
B
Solve the following problems:
ppose that you have a serial excursion consisting of 3 resistors and a voltage source. R1= 0.18 ohm, R2 =1.15 ohm, R3 = 2 ohms, I = 10 amp. Find the voltage driblet beyond each resistor; discover the value of voltage in the ppose R1 gets open. What does it upshot in?
2. Two resistors are continued in series. R1 = 7,000 ohms, R2 = 2,200 ohms, I = 110 amp. Detect the voltage drop across each ppose no current passes through the excursion, what does it outcome from?
������ � �������
A
i. an open in i chemical element opens just ane branch
ii. all the other branches can operate.
�
1.V1 =0.18x10= one.8V; V2= 1.15 10 10= 11.5V; V3 = 2 x ten = 20V. V= one.8 + 11.five + twenty =
=33.5V V = 31.5V.
two. VI = 7,000 x 110 = 770,000V; V2 = ii,200 10 110 = 242,000V. An open or a short.
Lesson 4 |
METERS |
meter | One |
Battery | Mutual |
Calibration | should |
readings | measure out |
The most mutual meters used are the ohmmeter, the ammeter and the voltmeter. The ohmmeter is used to measure the value of resistance. It consists of a milliammeter calibrated to read in ohms, a battery and resistors. The meter is connected in parallel and the circuit is not opened when its resistance is measured. The readings on the calibration show the measured value. The ammeter is used to measure out the value of current. When the ammeter is used the circuit should exist opened at one signal and the terminals of the meter should be con�nected to it. One should accept into consideration that the positive concluding of the meter is connected to the positive final of the source; the negative terminal � to the negative last of the source. The ammeter should be continued in serial. The readings on the calibration show the measured value.
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��������� ������������ ��� ��������� �������� ����. ��� ������������� ���������� ���� ���� ��������� � ����� ����� � ��������� �� � �������� �������. ���� ���������, ��� ������������� �������� ������� ����������� � ������������� ���������� ���������, � ������������� �������� � � ������������� ���������� ���������. ��������� ���� ������������ ���������������. ��������� �� ����� ���������� ���������� ��������.
EXERCISES
A
Notice the correct variant. Remember it:
1. the ammeter is
a) a common meter
b) an uncommon meter
2. in order to measure out the value of electric current
a) the ohmmeter is used
b) the voltmeter is used
c) the ammeter is used
3. a meter has
a) positive terminals only
b) negative terminals only
c) positive and negative terminals
4. when the ammeter is used
a) the excursion should be opened
b) the circuit should non be opened
5. the ammeter should be connected
a) in serial
b) in parallel
six.one should take into consideration that
a) the positive concluding should exist connected to the negative
last
b) the positive terminal should be continued to the positive
terminal of the source
B
Terminate the sentences using the words with the opposite meaning:
ane. The ohmmeter is used to measure the value of resistance
2. The ammeter is connected in series
three. When the ammeter is used to mensurate the value of electric current
the circuit should exist opened
C
Respond the following questions
I. What is the ammeter used for? 2. What is the voltmeter used for? 3. What is the ohmmeter used for? 4. What terminals has a meter? v. Should the measured circuit exist opened when the voltmeter is used? 6. Should the measured circuit be opened when the ammeter is used? 7. In what way should the voltmeter be connected to the circuit? eight. In what way should the ammeter be continued to the circuit? ix. What is the difference between a voltmeter and an ammeter? 10. What common meters are used to measure out the values in a circuit?
D
Solve the post-obit problems:
i.Suppose the ammeter scale reads one.9 amp, the voltmeter
scale reads 2.4 V; how much is the value of resistance
in the measured excursion?
2.Suppose the ohmmeter scale reads 75 ohms, the voltmeterscale reads 220 V; how much is the value of electric current in the measured circuit?
������ � �������
A
one-a; 2-�; three-�; 4-a; 5-a; half-dozen-b.
�
ane. the ammeter.................. current.
ii. the ohmmeter............. parallel.
three. the ohmmeter............. resistance... .is non opened.
�
1. to measure the value of current
ii......................................... voltage
iii......................................... resistance
4. positive and negative
5. -
6. yeah
seven. -
8. in series
nine. -
10. the ohmmeter, the ammeter, the voltmeter.
| �� �� �������� ������ ���� �������� �������� �� ���������� ���������: one 2 3 4 5 half-dozen 7 |
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